Hydrogen (H2) is an Earth-abundant molecule that is widely used in industrial settings and could soon contribute to the clean generation and storage of electricity. Most notably, it can be used to generate electricity in fuel cells, which could in turn power heavy-duty vehicles or serve as back-up energy systems.
Despite its potential for various real-world applications, hydrogen is often expensive to produce, store and safely transport to desired locations. Moreover, before it can be used, it typically needs to be purified, as hydrogen produced industrially is typically mixed with other gases, such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrogen (N₂) and light hydrocarbons.
Researchers at Fudan University and other institutes in China recently devised a new strategy to separate hydrogen from impurities at low temperatures, while also enabling its safe storage and transportation. Their proposed method, outlined in a paper published in Nature Energy, relies on a reversible chemical reaction between two organic compounds that act as hydrogen carriers, enabling the reversible absorption and release of hydrogen.
“One of our key inspirations was a pressing industrial challenge in China, where highly developed process industries generate vast amounts of crude and byproduct hydrogen,” Prof. Yifeng Zhu, senior author of the paper, told Tech Xplore.
“Much of this hydrogen-rich gas, often containing over 50 vol.% impurities such as CO, CO₂, and hydrocarbons, gets burned because conventional recovery technologies like pressure swing adsorption and membranes are prohibitively costly and energy-intensive. At the same time, the deployment of green hydrogen and the necessary supporting infrastructure remains slow worldwide due to technological immaturity and high costs.”
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