Cells called astrocytes are about as abundant in the brain as neurons, but scientists have spent much less time figuring out how they contribute to brain functions. A novel study by MIT researchers at The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory shows that one function appears to be maintaining the chemical conditions necessary for groups of neurons to team up to encode information.
Specifically, the neuroscientists showed that when they knocked out the ability of astrocytes in the visual cortex of mice to produce a protein called “GABA transporter 3 (Gat3),” neurons there became less able as a group to represent information about the movies lab mice were seeing. GABA is a common inhibitory neurotransmitter that sharpens neural…
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